spinrelated

Spinrelated is an adjective used to describe phenomena, properties, or processes that involve spin, the intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles and by some composite systems such as atomic nuclei or nanoparticles.

In physics, spin-related effects influence spectral lines, magnetic moments, and the evolution of quantum states. Examples include spin-orbit coupling, which links spin to orbital motion; the Zeeman effect, the splitting of energy levels in a magnetic field; spin alignment and polarization; and spin relaxation and decoherence, which describe how spin states lose coherence over time. In condensed matter physics and spintronics, spin-related transport phenomena such as the spin Hall effect and giant magnetoresistance are central to device concepts and technologies.

Measurement and observation of spin-related phenomena use techniques such as magnetic resonance (including nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance), polarized electron scattering, and other spectroscopic methods that probe spin dynamics and populations.

In mathematics and theoretical physics, spin appears in the theory of spin groups and spinors, which underlie fermionic quantum fields and related geometric structures. The term spinrelated may be used to describe calculations, models, or structures that depend on spin without fixing a particular spin state.

Usage notes: the term is primarily descriptive, serving as a qualifier for topics where spin is an essential factor, rather than denoting a standalone field.

See also: spin, spintronics, spinor, angular momentum.