spanningscompensatiesystemen

A spanningscompensatiesysteem is a device or collection of devices used in electrical power systems to maintain voltage stability and improve power quality. The system compensates for voltage fluctuations caused by varying load conditions, long transmission lines, and sudden changes in power demand. By injecting or absorbing reactive power, the compensatiesysteem balances the overall voltage profile, reducing losses, extending equipment life, and enabling higher power transfer over a given network.

Typical compensation methods include shunt devices such as capacitor banks and reactors, which provide reactive power directly to the network, and series devices such as thyristor‐controlled series capacitors (TCSC) that adjust the impedance of transmission lines. More advanced systems use static synchronous compensators (STATCOM) or dynamic voltage restorers (DVR) that employ power electronic converters to deliver precise voltage control and harmonic filtering. Some networks also employ dynamic voltage‑sensitive control, which automatically adjusts reactive support in response to real‑time voltage measurements.

The primary benefits of a spanningscompensatiesysteem are enhanced voltage stability, reduced line losses, better power factor, and protection against voltage sag or swell. In industrial settings, these systems enable high‑voltage, high‑power operations such as motor drives and large static generators. In transmission networks, they support long‑distance power transfer and integration of variable renewable sources by counteracting the reactive power injected by wind or solar farms.

Common challenges include the cost of equipment, control complexity, and the need for precise coordination with existing protection schemes. Regulatory standards, such as IEC 61850 for protection and communication, guide the design and interconnection of compensation devices to ensure reliability and interoperability.