sormenjälkitutkimuksia

Sormenjälkitutkimuksia, known in English as fingerprint analysis or dactyloscopy, is a scientific method used to identify and compare human fingerprints. Fingerprints are unique patterns formed by the ridges on the surface of the skin on fingers and thumbs. These patterns are established before birth and remain unchanged throughout an individual's life, making them a reliable form of identification. The primary purpose of fingerprint analysis is to link individuals to crime scenes or to verify identities in various contexts.

The process involves obtaining latent prints, which are invisible to the naked eye and are left behind when an individual touches a surface. These latent prints are typically visualized using powders, chemicals, or specialized lighting techniques. Once visualized, the prints are photographed and then analyzed. Fingerprint examiners look for specific characteristics called minutiae, which are points where ridges terminate or bifurcate (split into two). The comparison of these minutiae points between a latent print and a known print from a suspect allows for a determination of whether the prints originated from the same source.

Fingerprint evidence is a cornerstone of forensic science and is widely used in criminal investigations worldwide. Its admissibility in court relies on the established scientific principles of uniqueness and permanence of fingerprints, as well as the proficiency of the examiners. Beyond criminal justice, fingerprinting is also employed for identification purposes in civilian applications, such as background checks, security clearances, and immigration processes.