solvatud
Solvatud is the Estonian adjective meaning solvated, used in chemistry to describe a chemical species that is surrounded by solvent molecules as a result of solvation. Solvation is the stabilizing interaction between solute particles and solvent molecules, which leads to the formation of a solvation shell around the solute. The most common example is hydration, where ions are surrounded by water molecules; for example, Na+ and Cl– in aqueous solution are present as hydrated ions, written as Na+(aq) and Cl−(aq).
Solvation is driven by electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, and dispersion forces and affects properties such as solubility, reactivity,
Solvatud states are central to many areas: electrochemistry, catalysis, biochemistry, and pharmacology, where the solvent environment
Other related terms include solvated ion, hydration shell, and solvation energy, which quantifies the free-energy change