siloksaneiksi

Siloksanit, also known as silicones, are polymers composed of a silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached to the silicon atoms. The basic repeating unit in a siloxane chain is [-Si(R)2-O-], where R represents an organic group, typically methyl. This unique structure imparts a combination of properties not found in purely organic polymers.

Siloxanes exhibit remarkable thermal stability, being resistant to degradation at both high and low temperatures. They are also known for their inertness, meaning they are unreactive with most chemicals and biological tissues, making them useful in medical and food-grade applications. Their water-repellent nature, or hydrophobicity, is another key characteristic, stemming from the organic side groups.

The physical form of siloxanes can vary widely, from liquids and gels to elastomers and resins, depending on the molecular weight and the degree of cross-linking in the polymer. This versatility allows them to be used in a vast array of products. Common applications include sealants and adhesives, lubricants, coatings, cosmetics, medical devices, and cookware. Their low surface tension also makes them effective as antifoaming agents and in personal care products for their smooth feel.