shaatnez

Shaatnez refers to the biblical prohibition against mixing certain fabrics, specifically wool and linen, in a single garment. This restriction is derived from the Torah, specifically Leviticus 19:19, which states, "You shall not wear a garment of wool and linen together." The term *shaatnez* (שעטנז) is a Hebrew compound word combining *shaanah* (שענה), meaning "wool," and *tzeniz* (צניז), meaning "linen."

The prohibition is part of the broader set of laws known as *taryag mitzvot* (the 613 commandments) and applies to garments worn by Jews during their lifetime. The rationale behind the law is not explicitly explained in the Torah, though various interpretations have been offered over time. Some scholars suggest it may have been intended to prevent the blending of sacred and secular elements, while others propose it could have been a practical measure to distinguish between different social classes or to avoid the mixing of fabrics that might have been associated with pagan practices.

In modern Jewish law, the prohibition of *shaatnez* remains in effect for observant Jews, particularly those who adhere to strict dietary and ritual laws. Garments made from blends of wool and linen are considered invalid for everyday use, though some leniencies exist for items like bedding or accessories that are not worn directly against the skin. The law also extends to other animal fibers, such as silk and cotton, when combined with wool or linen, though interpretations vary among different Jewish denominations and authorities.

The observance of *shaatnez* is often associated with other biblical prohibitions, such as *kilayim* (the mixing of different plant species in agriculture) and *chalav akum* (dairy products prepared by non-Jews). While the practical application of these laws can be complex, they remain significant in maintaining traditional Jewish practices and distinctions.