sejthártyapermeabilitást

Sejthártyapermeabilitás, also known as cell membrane permeability, refers to the ability of a cell's membrane to allow the passage of substances into or out of the cell. This property is crucial for the cell's functioning, as it enables the transport of essential nutrients, waste products, ions, and other molecules. The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which form channels or pores that facilitate the movement of specific molecules.

The permeability of the cell membrane can be influenced by various factors, including the nature of the molecule, the concentration gradient, and the presence of transport proteins. For instance, small, non-polar molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide can easily diffuse across the membrane, while larger or charged molecules require specific transport proteins or channels.

The regulation of cell membrane permeability is vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Changes in permeability can occur due to various physiological processes, such as endocytosis and exocytosis, or as a result of external stimuli like temperature changes or the presence of toxins. Abnormalities in cell membrane permeability can lead to cellular dysfunction and contribute to the development of diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infections.