scleroprotein

Scleroprotein is a class of proteins that are insoluble in water and dilute acids or alkalis. They are also known as albuminoids, a term that highlights their structural and often fibrous nature. These proteins are a major component of the connective tissues in animals, providing strength and support. Examples of scleroproteins include collagen, keratin, and elastin.

Collagen is the most abundant scleroprotein in mammals, forming the primary structural protein of skin, bone, tendon, and cartilage. It provides tensile strength and is crucial for the integrity of tissues. Keratin is another significant scleroprotein, forming the protective outer layers of skin, as well as hair, nails, and feathers. It is known for its toughness and resistance to degradation. Elastin, as its name suggests, is responsible for the elasticity of tissues, allowing them to stretch and recoil. It is found in blood vessels, lungs, and skin.

Due to their insolubility and structural roles, scleroproteins are generally resistant to enzymatic digestion compared to soluble proteins. Their unique properties make them vital for the biomechanics and structure of many organisms. Research into scleroproteins continues to explore their biological functions and potential applications in biomaterials and medicine.