scapulars

Scapulars refer to objects and terms associated with two distinct domains: religious devotion and human anatomy. In religious usage, a scapular is a small devotional item worn over the shoulders. The typical form consists of two rectangular panels of cloth or card connected by cords, resting on the chest and back. Scapular devotion arose in medieval Catholic practice and remains common in some Christian traditions today. A scapular is usually conferred by a priest or approved laity and is regarded as a sacramental—an outward sign of inner commitment. Wearing it is associated with specific prayers, religious duties, and the aim of living a more virtuous life; its spiritual value is understood as support for faith, not a guarantee of salvation.

In anatomy, the scapula (shoulder blade) is a flat, triangular bone on the upper back. The adjective scapular relates to this bone, while the noun form for the bone is scapula, with plural scapulae (scapulas is also used in modern English). The scapula articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint and with the humerus at the glenohumeral joint, and it serves as an attachment site for many muscles, including the rotator cuff, trapezius, and serratus anterior. Movements of the scapula are essential to shoulder mobility; disorders such as scapular dyskinesis or scapular winging are described in medical contexts.

Etymology: scapula comes from Latin scapula meaning shoulder blade. The plural forms vary by tradition.