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The saddle joint, also known as the sternoclavicular joint, is a unique type of synovial joint found between the sternum (breastbone) and the clavicle (collarbone). Its name derives from its saddle-like shape, where the articulating surfaces are reciprocally concave and convex. This specific structure allows for a wide range of motion, although it is less mobile than some other joints.

This joint permits gliding movements in multiple directions, including elevation and depression, protraction and retraction, and circumduction. These movements are crucial for the overall mobility of the shoulder girdle. For instance, elevating the clavicle is essential for raising the arm.

The saddle joint is reinforced by a strong joint capsule and several ligaments, including the anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments, the costoclavicular ligament, and the interclavicular ligament. These ligaments provide stability and prevent excessive or abnormal movements of the joint. Despite its stability, the saddle joint is still susceptible to injuries such as dislocations and sprains, particularly due to its exposed location. Management of these injuries typically involves rest, immobilization, and sometimes physical therapy.