saha

Saha is a surname of South Asian origin, widely found in India and Bangladesh and among diaspora communities. It is used by people across multiple religious and ethnic groups. The name is associated with a number of notable individuals, the most prominent being Meghnad Saha (1893–1956), an Indian astrophysicist who formulated the Saha ionization equation. The equation provides a way to estimate the ionization states of chemical elements in stellar atmospheres as a function of temperature and pressure, and it has been essential for interpreting stellar spectra and determining stellar properties.

Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, located in Kolkata, India, is a leading research institution established in 1949 and named in honor of Meghnad Saha. The SINP conducts research in theoretical and experimental physics, including nuclear, particle, and astrophysics.

Apart from Meghnad Saha and SINP, the surname is borne by numerous individuals in science, culture, sports, and public life. In considering the term Saha, context is required to distinguish between people, places, and institutions that carry the name.