sähkmootori

Sähkmootori, also known as an electric motor, is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. This conversion is typically achieved through the principles of electromagnetism, where the interaction between magnetic fields and electric currents generates rotational force. Electric motors are ubiquitous in modern life, powering a vast array of applications from household appliances and industrial machinery to electric vehicles and portable electronics.

The fundamental components of most electric motors include a stator, which is the stationary part, and a rotor, which is the rotating part. The stator usually contains electromagnets or permanent magnets that create a magnetic field. The rotor, often an electromagnet or a permanent magnet itself, experiences forces from the stator's magnetic field, causing it to spin. The interaction is controlled by the flow of electric current, which can be direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC), leading to different types of electric motors such as DC motors and AC motors (including induction motors and synchronous motors).

The efficiency and performance of an electric motor depend on its design, size, and the type of electricity it utilizes. They are generally favored for their energy efficiency, low maintenance requirements, and their ability to provide precise control over speed and torque compared to internal combustion engines. The development of electric motors has been a key enabler of technological advancement and continues to be a critical component in the transition towards more sustainable and electrified systems.