rollende

Rollende is the present participle form of the German verb rollen, meaning to roll. It is used as an adjective to describe something that is in a rolling state. In everyday language it appears in phrases such as das rollende Rad (the rolling wheel) or rollende Fahrzeuge (rolling vehicles).

In German grammar, rollende functions as an attributive adjective. Its ending changes according to the article and the noun’s number and case. For example:

- Das rollende Rad (neuter singular, definite article)

- Ein rollendes Rad (neuter singular, indefinite article)

- Die rollenden Räder (plural, definite article)

The participle can also occur in predicative position after a linking verb, for example: Das Rad ist rollend? More common would be forms built with gehen, fahren or similar verbs in context.

Etymology and formation: rollende is formed from the verb rollen with the -ende suffix that marks the present participle in German. The same pattern yields related adjectives such as rollende Körner or rollende Wellen in figurative usage. The form is lowercase when used as an ordinary attributive adjective, and only capitalized if it has been nominalized to function as a noun (rare in standard usage).

Cross-linguistic note: German shares this participial formation with other Germanic languages, where equivalent forms like Dutch rollende or English rolling serve similar descriptive purposes, though orthography and inflection differ between languages.

See also: German present participles, German adjectives, adjective endings with definite and indefinite articles, rollen.