rifapentine

Rifapentine is a medication used to prevent and treat tuberculosis. It belongs to a class of drugs called rifamycins and is related to rifampin. Rifapentine is administered orally in conjunction with isoniazid for the prevention of tuberculosis in individuals with latent TB infection.

Rifapentine works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial RNA, thereby preventing the growth and multiplication of the bacteria. It has a longer half-life compared to other rifamycin antibiotics, allowing for once-weekly dosing. The mechanism of action of rifapentine is similar to that of other rifamycin antibiotics, such as rifampin.

Rifapentine has been shown to be effective in preventing tuberculosis in individuals with latent TB infection who are co-infected with HIV. It has been also used to treat multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The medication is generally well-tolerated, but common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and headache. Severe side effects are rare, but may include liver damage and peripheral neuropathy.

Rifapentine is available in both injectable and oral forms. The injectable form is used for the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. The medication should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as it may interact with other medications and worsen underlying medical conditions.

Rifapentine has a number of advantages over other rifamycin antibiotics, including a longer half-life and once-weekly dosing. However, its use in preventing tuberculosis has been limited by concerns about its potential to interact with antiretroviral medications in individuals with HIV.