rezisztor

The term "rezisztor" is the Hungarian word for resistor. A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. Resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. Resistors are an essential component in most electronic circuits.

The primary characteristic of a resistor is its resistance, measured in ohms. Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of electric current. The value of resistance in a resistor is determined by the material it is made from, its physical dimensions (length and cross-sectional area), and its temperature. Resistors can be made from various materials, including carbon composition, carbon film, metal film, and wirewound.

Resistors are typically represented by a zigzag line symbol in schematic diagrams. They come in a wide range of sizes and power ratings, depending on the application. The power rating of a resistor indicates the maximum amount of power it can safely dissipate without being damaged. Exceeding this rating can lead to overheating and failure of the component.

There are many types of resistors, each suited for different applications. Fixed resistors have a resistance value that cannot be adjusted. Variable resistors, also known as potentiometers or rheostats, allow for a change in resistance. Thermistors are resistors whose resistance is dependent on temperature. Photoresistors, also called light-dependent resistors (LDRs), change their resistance based on the intensity of incident light. Understanding the function and properties of resistors is fundamental to electronics.