retrograded

Retrograded is the past participle and past tense form of retrograde. It functions as an adjective or a verb to denote movement backward, regression, or a return to an earlier state. In everyday use it often means something has become worse or more backward in progress, perspective, or condition, though the sense can be neutral in scientific contexts.

In astronomy, retrograde describes the apparent backward motion of a planet as observed from Earth. The conventional term is retrograde motion; retrograded is rarely used in this field, but it may appear in prose to indicate that a planet has undergone retrograde motion during a period.

In geology and materials science, retrograde metamorphism refers to changes that proceed toward lower temperature or pressure, reversing some of the high-grade conditions that produced earlier metamorphic minerals. Rocks described as retrograded have mineral assemblies characteristic of lower-grade conditions than those formed previously.

In music and formal grammars, retrograde is a recognized concept: a melody or sequence is played or analyzed in reverse order. A form described as retrograded would be one that has been turned backward from its original sequence, though the standard term remains retrograde rather than retrograded.

Overall, retrograded is a specialized or infrequently used variant of retrograde. When clarity is important, most writers prefer retrograde or retrograde metamorphism, rather than retrograded, to describe backward motion, regression, or reversal of a process.