residuaalkaitselülitiks

A residuaalkaitselüliti, often abbreviated as RCD, is an electrical safety device designed to protect individuals from electric shock. It functions by continuously monitoring the electrical current flowing through a circuit. If it detects an imbalance between the current going out and the current returning, indicating that some current is leaking to the ground through an unintended path, the RCD will rapidly disconnect the power supply. This rapid disconnection is crucial in preventing serious injury or fatality from electric shock.

Residuaalkaitselülitid are typically installed in a building's main electrical panel, protecting multiple circuits. They are distinct from circuit breakers, which are designed to protect against overcurrents and short circuits. While circuit breakers prevent damage to wiring and appliances, RCDs specifically address the risk of electric shock to people. The sensitivity of an RCD is measured in milliamperes (mA), with common ratings being 30mA for personal protection in domestic settings. In industrial or specific hazardous environments, lower or higher sensitivity RCDs may be employed. Regular testing of RCDs is recommended to ensure their continued functionality.