replikatsioonis

Replikatsioonis refers to the process of DNA replication, a fundamental biological mechanism. This process ensures that genetic information is accurately copied before cell division. It begins with the unwinding of the double helix structure of DNA, facilitated by enzymes like helicase. Each strand then serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. DNA polymerase is the key enzyme responsible for adding new nucleotides, following the base-pairing rules (adenine with thymine, and guanine with cytosine). Replication proceeds in a semi-conservative manner, meaning each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. This intricate process is highly regulated and remarkably efficient, guaranteeing that daughter cells receive a complete and identical copy of the organism's genetic material. Errors during replikatsioonis can lead to mutations, which may have significant consequences for an organism.