refiera

Refiera is the present subjunctive form of the Spanish verb referir, meaning to refer, relate, or report. It appears in subordinate clauses that express doubt, necessity, desire, or emotion, and after conjunctions that require the subjunctive mood.

Etymology and usage: referir derives from Latin referre, “to carry back” or “to relate.” In modern Spanish, refiera is used to introduce hypothetical or non-asserted statements, such as in requests, wishes, or reports conditional on other actions. It is distinct from the indicative forms of referir and from other subjunctive tenses.

Forms and related tenses: the present subjunctive forms include yo refiera, tú refieras, él refiera, nosotros refiramos, vosotros refiráis, ellos refieran. The imperfect subjunctive has forms such as refiriera or refiriese, used in past-tense or hypothetical past contexts. The corresponding present perfect subjunctive would involve haber plus refirado, not a separate subjunctive form of refir ir itself.

Examples: Es probable que él refiera los hechos. Ruego que usted refiera el informe con precisión. These illustrate the use of refiera in third-person singular contexts and in polite or formal address.

Overview: refiera is a standard example of the present subjunctive in Spanish, illustrating how mood, subject, and tense interact in subordinate clauses. Its usage reflects broader rules about doubt, desire, and reportative verbs in Spanish grammar.