referuar

Referuar is the past passive participle of the Albanian verb refer, meaning to refer or to cite. In standard usage, referuar functions both as a passive participle and as an adjective, indicating that something has been referred to or cited, or that a source has been named or listed.

Morphology and usage: The form is created by adding the suffix -uar to the verb stem refer. It is used with auxiliary verbs to form perfect tenses, such as është referuar (has been referred) or kanë referuar (they have referred). It can modify a noun phrase: libri i referuar (the cited/referenced book).

In scholarly and legal writing, referuar signals that a source or statement is being cited or specified. Examples: "Kërkesa është referuar nga komisioni për shqyrtim" and "libri i referuar në literaturë është përdorur si burim."

Notes: In Albanian, referuar can express both the action of referring and the state of having been referenced; its context determines whether it serves as a verbal participle or as a predicative adjective. The term is commonly found in academic, legal, and bibliographic contexts to indicate citations, references, or cross-links to sources. See also: refer (verb), referencë (reference), citim.