rautatieläivityypit

Rautatietyypit refers to the classification of railways based on various criteria. These classifications help in understanding the purpose, infrastructure, and operational characteristics of different rail systems.

One common distinction is between standard gauge and narrow gauge railways. Standard gauge, typically 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in), is the most prevalent worldwide. Narrow gauge railways use a track width smaller than standard gauge and are often found in mountainous regions or for specific industrial purposes due to their lower construction costs and greater maneuverability. Conversely, broad gauge railways, with a track width larger than standard, are less common but can offer greater stability and higher axle loads.

Another significant classification relates to the purpose of the railway. Passenger railways are designed for transporting people, often featuring high-speed lines or commuter networks. Freight railways, on the other hand, are optimized for the movement of goods, utilizing heavy-duty rolling stock and dedicated routes. Mixed-traffic railways accommodate both passenger and freight services.

Furthermore, railways can be categorized by their infrastructure and power source. Electrified railways use electricity to power trains, which can be supplied through overhead lines or a third rail, offering environmental benefits and higher operational speeds. Non-electrified railways rely on diesel or steam locomotives. Urban rail systems, such as metro, tram, and light rail, are specifically designed for dense urban environments, often with dedicated rights-of-way and frequent stops. These different types of railways play crucial roles in transportation and economic activity globally.