rasvahiukkasista

Rasvahiukkaset, also known as fatty particles or lipid droplets, are microscopic structures found within cells that store lipids, primarily triglycerides. These droplets are dynamic and can vary in size and number depending on the cell type and its metabolic state. They play a crucial role in cellular energy homeostasis, acting as a readily available reserve of fatty acids that can be mobilized during periods of increased energy demand.

The formation and breakdown of rasvahiukkaset are tightly regulated processes. Lipids are taken up by the cell or synthesized de novo, and then incorporated into the growing droplet. Conversely, when energy is needed, lipases enzymes break down the triglycerides within the droplet, releasing fatty acids into the cytoplasm to be used for ATP production through beta-oxidation.

These particles are particularly abundant in adipocytes, the cells that constitute adipose tissue, where they can occupy over 90% of the cell volume and are the primary form of energy storage in the body. However, rasvahiukkaset are also present in many other cell types, including liver cells, muscle cells, and immune cells, where they serve important signaling and metabolic functions beyond simple energy storage. Their presence and regulation are implicated in various physiological and pathological conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease.