radiometriában

Radiometriában is a branch of physics and metrology concerned with the measurement of electromagnetic radiation. It deals with the quantitative measurement of radiant energy, including its intensity, flux, and distribution across different wavelengths. The fundamental quantity in radiometry is radiant energy, which is the energy carried by electromagnetic waves. This energy can be expressed in units of joules.

Radiometric quantities are derived from radiant energy. Radiant flux, for instance, measures the rate at which energy is transferred, typically expressed in watts. Radiant intensity describes the flux emitted per unit solid angle in a specific direction, measured in watts per steradian. Radiance quantifies the flux emitted or reflected per unit projected area per unit solid angle, with units of watts per square meter per steradian. Irradiance is the flux incident upon a surface per unit area, measured in watts per square meter.

Tools used in radiometry include radiometers, photometers, and spectrometers. Radiometers are general instruments for measuring radiation. Photometers are specifically designed to measure visible light and often relate radiometric quantities to human perception of brightness. Spectrometers analyze the spectral distribution of radiation, breaking it down into its constituent wavelengths. Applications of radiometry are widespread, spanning fields such as astronomy, remote sensing, environmental monitoring, lighting technology, and medical imaging. Accurate radiometric measurements are crucial for understanding and quantifying the properties of light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation.