radioizotópokat

Radioizotópokat, also known as radioactive isotopes, are atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons in their nucleus. This difference in neutron count makes their nuclei unstable, leading them to undergo radioactive decay. During decay, they emit radiation in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, transforming into a more stable isotope or a different element altogether. The rate at which a radioizotóp decays is characterized by its half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. Half-lives can range from fractions of a second to billions of years, depending on the specific radioizotóp.

Radioizotópokat have diverse applications across various scientific and industrial fields. In medicine, they are used as radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic imaging, such as PET scans and SPECT scans, and for therapeutic purposes in cancer treatment. In industry, they are employed in tracing to monitor the flow of materials, in gauging to measure thickness, and in sterilization processes. Archaeologists and geologists utilize radioizotópok for dating ancient artifacts and rock formations through techniques like carbon dating and uranium-lead dating. Their ability to emit detectable radiation and their predictable decay rates make them invaluable tools for research, analysis, and practical applications.