pärimiseõigus

Pärimiseõigus, or inheritance law, is the body of law that governs the distribution of a deceased person's assets and liabilities. It outlines the rules by which property is transferred from the deceased, known as the testator, to their heirs. In many legal systems, pärimiseõigus distinguishes between two primary types of succession: testamentary and intestate. Testamentary succession occurs when the deceased leaves a valid will, specifying how their estate should be divided. This will is a legally binding document that expresses the testator's wishes. Intestate succession, on the other hand, applies when a person dies without a valid will. In such cases, the law dictates the order of inheritance, typically prioritizing close relatives like spouses, children, and parents. The specific rules for both testamentary and intestate succession, including eligibility for inheritance and the distribution of assets, vary significantly between jurisdictions. Pärimiseõigus also addresses the concept of a forced heirship, where certain close relatives are legally entitled to a portion of the estate regardless of the will's contents. Furthermore, it covers the process of administering an estate, which may involve appointing an executor or administrator to manage debts, taxes, and the distribution of remaining assets to the rightful heirs. The legal framework surrounding pärimiseõigus aims to ensure a fair and orderly transfer of property and to resolve any potential disputes among beneficiaries.