pumpene

Pumpene is the definite plural form of the Norwegian word pumpe, referring to pumps—machines that move fluids or gases by mechanical energy. Pumps convert electrical, hydraulic, or other energy into fluid energy, enabling transport, circulation, or containment of liquids in diverse systems.

Pumps operate on different principles. Centrifugal pumps use a rotating impeller to impart velocity to the fluid, producing flow and increasing pressure. Positive displacement pumps enclose a fixed volume and displace it with each cycle, including gear pumps, piston pumps, and diaphragm pumps. Other types include peristaltic pumps, screw pumps, vane pumps, and jet pumps, each suited to particular viscosities, temperatures, and duty cycles.

Common applications include municipal water supply and irrigation, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, chemical processing, oil and gas, and wastewater treatment. Selection depends on required flow rate, head (pressure), fluid properties (viscosity, abrasiveness, temperature), and material compatibility, as well as maintenance and efficiency considerations.

Historically, pumps date to ancient civilizations with devices such as suction pumps and the Archimedes screw. The development of steam-driven and electric pumps in the 19th and 20th centuries expanded capacity and range, leading to modern, highly engineered pump systems. In contemporary use, pump efficiency and reliability are central concerns in design and operation.