príslovka

Príslovka is a part of speech in Slovak grammar that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It answers questions such as how, when, where, or to what extent something happens or is. Príslovky do not change their form based on gender, number, or case, making them invariable words. They are primarily used to add detail and nuance to descriptions.

There are several categories of príslovky. Adverbs of manner (príslovky spôsobu) describe how an action is performed, for example, rýchlo (quickly) or potichu (quietly). Adverbs of time (príslovky času) indicate when an action occurs, such as dnes (today), včera (yesterday), or zajtra (tomorrow). Adverbs of place (príslovky miesta) specify where an action takes place, like tu (here), tam (there), or hore (up). Adverbs of degree (príslovky miery) express the extent or intensity, such as veľmi (very), málo (little), or dosť (enough).

Many príslovky are derived from adjectives by adding suffixes, though some are formed in other ways or are inherently príslovky. For instance, the adjective pekný (beautiful) can form the adverb pekne (beautifully). Their placement in a sentence can vary, but they often appear close to the word they modify. Understanding príslovky is essential for constructing grammatically correct and descriptive sentences in Slovak.