protamiinisulfaatin

Protamiinisulfaatti, also known as protamine sulfate, is a medication used primarily to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin. It is a strongly basic protein that is extracted from the sperm of fish, typically salmon or trout. Protamine sulfate works by binding to heparin, forming an inactive complex. This action neutralizes the anticoagulant effect of heparin, allowing blood to clot normally again.

It is administered intravenously and its effects are usually rapid, with reversal of heparin's anticoagulant activity occurring within minutes. Protamine sulfate is used in situations where heparin therapy needs to be quickly reversed, such as in cases of overdose, significant bleeding during heparin treatment, or before surgery when heparin has been administered.

While effective, protamine sulfate can have side effects. These can include allergic reactions, such as flushing, rash, and difficulty breathing. In some cases, it can also cause a drop in blood pressure or a slow heart rate. Therefore, it is administered under careful medical supervision. The dosage of protamine sulfate is dependent on the amount of heparin that needs to be neutralized and the time elapsed since heparin administration. It is important to note that protamine sulfate does not reverse the anticoagulant effects of other anticoagulants like warfarin.