propeptido

Propeptides are precursor molecules that are cleaved to form mature proteins. They are often synthesized as larger, inactive forms that undergo post-translational modifications and proteolytic processing to become functional. This processing is crucial for proper protein folding, secretion, and activity. Many secreted proteins, such as hormones, enzymes, and structural proteins, are initially produced as propeptides. For example, proinsulin is processed into insulin, and procollagen is processed into collagen. The propeptide region can sometimes play a role in directing the protein to its correct location or facilitating its assembly into a larger complex. In some cases, the propeptide may also have its own biological activity before being cleaved off. The cleavage of propeptides is typically catalyzed by specific proteases. Dysregulation of propeptide processing can lead to various diseases, highlighting the importance of this biological mechanism. The term "propeptide" is commonly used in biochemistry and molecular biology.