prokariótáktól

Prokariótáktól refers to organisms belonging to the domain Prokaryotae. This domain encompasses all cellular life forms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Instead, their genetic material, typically a single circular chromosome, is located in a region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid. Prokaryotes are generally unicellular, though some may form colonies. They are characterized by their simple cellular structure and typically smaller size compared to eukaryotic cells.

The two major divisions within the prokaryotes are Bacteria and Archaea. Bacteria are found in virtually every habitat on Earth and play crucial roles in ecosystems, such as nutrient cycling and decomposition. Archaea, historically thought to inhabit extreme environments like hot springs and salt lakes, are now known to be widespread and diverse, with some also found in more common environments. Both bacteria and archaea reproduce asexually, primarily through binary fission. They exhibit a wide range of metabolic capabilities, utilizing various energy and carbon sources. Understanding prokaryotes is fundamental to microbiology, as they are involved in numerous biological processes, including health, disease, and biotechnology.