pravdepodobnosou

Pravdepodobnosou is the diacritic-free form of the word for probability used in Slovak and Czech to express the likelihood that a given event will occur. In everyday language it corresponds to the English “probability” or “likelihood.” In mathematics, probability is a numerical measure assigned to events within a defined set of possible outcomes.

In formal probability theory, a probability is defined on a probability space (Ω, F, P) and satisfies Kolmogorov's axioms: P assigns a number in [0,1] to each event in F; the certain event has probability 1; countable additivity holds. For any events A and B, the probability of their union satisfies P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A∩B). If P(B) > 0, the conditional probability P(A|B) = P(A∩B) / P(B). Events can be independent if P(A∩B) = P(A)P(B). The law of total probability states P(A) = Σ_i P(A|B_i)P(B_i) for a partition {B_i}.

Random variables and distributions extend these ideas: a random variable X maps outcomes to numbers, and its distribution is described by a probability distribution or density function. Common families include the binomial, normal, and Poisson distributions, each with characteristic parameters.

Pravdepodobnosou underpins statistics, data analysis, risk assessment, finance, and science. Interpretations differ: a frequentist views probability as a long-run frequency of outcomes, while a Bayesian treats it as a degree of belief updated with evidence.