polüvinüüleetrid

Polyvinyl ethers are a class of synthetic polymers derived from vinyl ether monomers. These monomers have the general structure CH2=CH-OR, where R is an alkyl or aryl group. The polymerization of vinyl ethers typically occurs via cationic polymerization, often initiated by strong Lewis acids or Brønsted acids. The resulting polyvinyl ether chains consist of repeating units with the structure [-CH2-CH(OR)-]n.

The properties of polyvinyl ethers are highly dependent on the nature of the R group. For example, polyvinyl methyl ether (PVM) is a water-soluble polymer, while polyvinyl ethyl ether (PVE) and polyvinyl isobutyl ether (PIBE) are generally insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. The molecular weight of the polymer can be controlled by adjusting polymerization conditions, leading to a range of viscosities and physical characteristics.

Polyvinyl ethers find applications in various fields. They are used as adhesives, coatings, and binders due to their good film-forming properties and adhesion to different substrates. In the pharmaceutical industry, they have been explored as excipients for controlled drug release. Some polyvinyl ethers also serve as intermediates in the synthesis of other polymers and specialty chemicals. Their chemical inertness and stability under various conditions contribute to their utility in diverse industrial applications.