poliriboszomális

Poliriboszomális refers to a complex structure found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells that is involved in protein synthesis. It consists of a single messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule being simultaneously translated by multiple ribosomes. Each ribosome moves along the mRNA, synthesizing a polypeptide chain. As each ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA, it detaches and can then initiate translation on another mRNA molecule.

This arrangement allows for the rapid and efficient production of large quantities of a specific protein from a single mRNA template. The multiple ribosomes are often visualized as beads on a string, with the mRNA forming the string. The polypeptide chains being synthesized extend outwards from the ribosomes. The term "poliriboszomális" is derived from "poli" meaning many, and "riboszomális" referring to ribosomes. Observing these structures under electron microscopy provides direct evidence of active protein synthesis occurring within the cell. This mechanism is crucial for producing proteins that are required in high amounts, such as enzymes or structural proteins.