pilnych

Pilnych is a form of the Polish adjective pilny, which can mean diligent, attentive, or urgent depending on context. The form pilnych appears mainly as the genitive plural of pilny, and also as the accusative plural for masculine personal nouns. The base adjective inflects for gender, number, and case: masculine singular pilny; feminine singular pilna; neuter singular pilne; plural nominatives pilni (masculine personal) and pilne (feminine or neuter); genitive plural pilnych; accusative plural masculine personal also pilnych.

Usage and examples:

As genitive plural, pilnych describes a plural noun in the genitive case, for example pilnych pracowników (of diligent workers) or pilnych spraw (urgent matters). In sentences requiring a direct object for a masculine personal noun, pilnych can serve as the accusative plural, for instance widziałem pilnych ludzi (I saw the diligent people). In nominative plural, the corresponding forms are pilni (masculine personal) or pilne (feminine or neuter).

Etymology and scope:

Pilny stems from a common Slavic root linked to being careful, attentive, or prompt. The distinction between its senses—diligence and urgency—appears in different contexts, and the form pilnych is a grammatical necessity rather than a stand-alone word with a separate meaning.

See also:

Pilny, the singular forms for gendered nouns, and related adjectives describing frequency, care, or urgency.

Pilnych thus functions as a grammatical marker in Polish, reflecting number and case while carrying a nuanced meaning tied to diligence or urgency.