periskoopesid

Periskoopit, often referred to as periscopes, are optical instruments that allow for observation from a concealed or elevated position. They typically consist of a tube with mirrors or prisms at each end, set parallel to each other at a 45-degree angle. Light enters the upper lens, reflects off the top mirror, travels down the tube, reflects off the bottom mirror, and then passes through the lower lens to the observer's eye. This system effectively bends the line of sight, enabling someone to see over obstacles or around corners without being seen.

The earliest known periscope-like devices date back to ancient Rome. However, the modern periscope gained prominence with its use in naval warfare, particularly during World War I. Submarines utilized periscopes to observe the surface while remaining submerged, a critical advantage for reconnaissance and attack. Beyond military applications, periscopes are found in various other fields. They are employed in tanks and armored vehicles to provide situational awareness to the crew. In industrial settings, they are used for inspecting hazardous or inaccessible areas, such as inside nuclear reactors or in pipelines. Periscopes are also sometimes incorporated into educational tools and toys to demonstrate optical principles. The fundamental design, while subject to technological advancements like magnification and image stabilization, remains largely the same, highlighting its enduring utility.