perfluorált

Perfluorált is a term used to describe compounds that have undergone a process of perfluorination. Perfluorination is a chemical reaction where all hydrogen atoms in a molecule are replaced by fluorine atoms. This process results in molecules with exceptionally strong carbon-fluorine bonds, which impart unique and often desirable properties to the resulting perfluorinated compounds. These properties can include high thermal stability, chemical inertness, low surface tension, and hydrophobic and oleophobic characteristics, meaning they repel both water and oil.

The applications of perfluorinated compounds are widespread, spanning various industries. They are found in non-stick cookware (such as Teflon), fire-fighting foams, stain-resistant fabrics, and as refrigerants. Historically, perfluorinated compounds, particularly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), were widely used in manufacturing processes and consumer products. However, concerns have arisen regarding their persistence in the environment and potential health effects, leading to increased scrutiny and regulation of certain perfluorinated substances. Research continues to explore their properties and develop safer alternatives.