passerat

Passerat is the past participle form of the Swedish verb passera, meaning to pass, go past, or move past something. It is used to express completed action in tense constructions and can also function as an adjective in certain contexts.

In standard Swedish, passerat appears in perfect and pluperfect tenses when combined with auxiliary verbs, as in har passerat (has passed) or hade passerat (had passed). It can describe both physical movement, such as passing a border or a milestone, and temporal passage, such as time that has elapsed. In passive constructions, the corresponding participle form is passerats, as in Gränsen har passerats (The border has been crossed/passed).

Passerat also occurs in adjectival use to describe something that has already occurred or elapsed. A common example is ett passerat datum, meaning an already passed or expired date. In this adjectival role, the form may vary with gender and number in natural Swedish usage, occasionally appearing as passerad for feminine nouns.

Etymologically, passerat derives from the Swedish verb passera, which is related to the sense of going by, crossing, or moving beyond. The word is mainly encountered in written and formal registers, including journalism, official statements, and descriptive prose.

See also: passera, passerar, passerande, pluskvamperfekt, perfekt.