partitiivgenitiiv

The partitive genitive is a grammatical case in several Uralic and Slavic languages, including Finnish, Estonian, Hungarian, Finnish-Ugric, and Latvian. In these languages, it is used to indicate a partial amount or quantity of something, often in relation to a group or whole.

In Finnish, for example, the partitive genitive is formed by adding the suffixes "-ta" or "-tä" to the noun, depending on its grammatical gender. For example, "paita" (shirt) becomes "paidat" (a shirt) in the partitive genitive, while "puku" (dress) becomes "puvut" (a dress). Similarly, in Estonian, the partitive genitive is formed by adding the suffix "-d" to the noun, resulting in forms such as "pae/d" (shirts) from the nominative "pae".

The partitive genitive is often used in situations where the speaker wishes to express a partial or incomplete amount of something. For example, in Finnish, the sentence "Olen luke-nut kirjaa" (I have read a book) uses the partitive genitive to indicate that only a part of the book was read. Similarly, in Estonian, the sentence "Ma olin süüin d pivotalnos diam" (I ate a sandwich) uses the partitive genitive to indicate that only a partial amount of the sandwich was eaten.

The partitive genitive can also be used to express quantity, as in the Finnish sentence "Ma olen ost-c/on jeddoor/duudī" (I have bought 10 kg of sugar), where the partitive genitive indicates a specific weight of sugar.

Overall, the partitive genitive is an important grammatical case in several languages, used to express a range of meanings related to partial amounts and quantities.