parley

Parley is a discussion between opposing sides, typically conducted to negotiate terms of peace, a ceasefire, prisoner exchange, or another settlement during armed conflict. The concept emphasizes a temporary pause in hostilities to communicate and seek agreement under agreed conditions.

Etymology and usage: The word parley derives from Old French parlee, from parler meaning to speak. It entered English in the medieval period and acquired its military connotation through the practice of conducting negotiations under safeguards or safe conduct during combat.

Historical usage: In medieval and early modern warfare, parley meetings were often held at neutral ground, on ships, or near contested positions. Emissaries or heralds would convey terms, listen to the opposing side, and report back to their leaders. The success or failure of a parley could influence subsequent fighting, truces, or prisoner exchanges. Breaches of agreed protections during a parley could render negotiations void and lead to renewed hostilities.

Modern context: Today, the specific term parley is less common in formal diplomatic practice, where terms like ceasefire, armistice, or negotiated settlement are standard. Nevertheless, the concept persists in both historical accounts and journalism as a description of negotiations intended to reduce violence. In literary and rhetorical use, parley may describe any formal or tentative dialogue between adversaries.

See also: diplomacy, ceasefire, armistice, truces, negotiation.