parlamentarnodemokratycznych

Parliamentary democracy, also called a parliamentary system, is a form of government in which the parliament holds the central legislative power. The government is typically formed from the elected parliament and must have its continued support to stay in office.

The head of state is usually ceremonial (a president or monarch), while the head of government—often a prime minister or chancellor—leads the executive branch and is answerable to the parliament. The cabinet is usually drawn from members of the parliament, often from the parties that form the government or a coalition. Parliament plays a key role in legislation, debating and passing laws, and it can express confidence or withdraw it from the government.

Electoral dynamics in parliamentary systems involve regular elections to form a government, typically every four to five years, though votes of confidence or early elections can alter the timetable. The government must maintain parliamentary support; a loss of confidence can lead to resignation or the formation of a new government. Some systems feature a fusion of powers between legislature and executive, while others maintain a more formal separation.

Variants include unicameral and bicameral parliaments, and constitutional monarchies as well as parliamentary republics. Examples of countries with parliamentary democracies include the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Germany, and India. These systems emphasize accountability of the executive to the legislature and often rely on coalition governance to secure stable parliamentary majorities.