parahippokampalny

The parahippocampal gyrus is a region of the brain located in the temporal lobe, adjacent to the hippocampus. It is a part of the medial temporal lobe structures and plays a crucial role in various cognitive functions, including memory, navigation, and spatial awareness. The parahippocampal gyrus is involved in the processing of visual information, particularly in the recognition of faces and places, and is essential for the formation of episodic memories, which are personal, autobiographical memories of events.

This region is also connected to the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex, forming part of the medial temporal lobe memory system. It is involved in the integration of visual and spatial information, contributing to the ability to navigate and interact with the environment. Damage to the parahippocampal gyrus can result in deficits in visual memory and spatial navigation, as seen in patients with parahippocampal lesions.

The parahippocampal gyrus is further divided into several subregions, including the posterior parahippocampal gyrus and the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. The posterior parahippocampal gyrus is involved in the processing of visual information, while the anterior parahippocampal gyrus is more closely associated with the hippocampus and is involved in memory consolidation and retrieval.

Overall, the parahippocampal gyrus is a critical component of the brain's memory and navigation systems, contributing to the ability to remember and navigate through personal experiences and the environment.