pakkotyöstä

Pakkotyöstä, or forced labor, refers to any work or service exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty, and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily. This definition, established by the International Labour Organization (ILO), encompasses a wide range of exploitative practices.

Historical examples of pakkotyöstä include slavery, serfdom, and penal labor, where individuals were compelled to work under threat of violence or legal punishment. In contemporary contexts, pakkotyöstä can manifest in various forms, such as debt bondage, human trafficking for labor exploitation, and the forced recruitment of children for armed conflict or other forms of labor.

Pakkotyöstä violates fundamental human rights, including the right to freedom of movement, the right to fair wages, and the right to safe working conditions. It is a severe form of exploitation that can lead to physical and psychological harm, poverty, and social exclusion.

International law, including ILO Conventions such as the Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29) and the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105), prohibits pakkotyöstä and calls for its elimination. Many countries have national laws and policies aimed at preventing and combating forced labor, though its prevalence remains a significant global challenge. Efforts to eradicate pakkotyöstä involve raising awareness, strengthening legal frameworks, prosecuting offenders, and providing support and rehabilitation for victims.