pajzsmirigyelváltozásokat

Pajzsmirigyelv, also known as thyroid nodule, refers to a lump or growth that forms within the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located at the base of the neck. These nodules are quite common, particularly in women and older individuals, and most are benign, meaning they are not cancerous.

The exact cause of pajzsmirigyelv is not always clear, but they can develop for various reasons, including iodine deficiency, certain types of thyroid inflammation, or overgrowth of normal thyroid tissue. In some cases, a cyst filled with fluid can form, or a cluster of normal thyroid cells may grow together.

Most thyroid nodules do not cause any symptoms and are often discovered incidentally during a routine physical examination or imaging tests performed for other reasons. However, if a nodule becomes large enough, it may cause symptoms such as a visible swelling in the neck, difficulty swallowing or breathing, or hoarseness. Some nodules can also produce excess thyroid hormone, leading to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as rapid heart rate, weight loss, and anxiety.

The diagnosis of pajzsmirigyelv typically involves a physical examination, blood tests to check thyroid hormone levels, and an ultrasound of the thyroid gland. Further investigations, such as a fine-needle aspiration biopsy, may be performed to determine if the nodule is cancerous. Treatment depends on the nature of the nodule, with observation being common for benign nodules, while others may require medication, radioactive iodine therapy, or surgery.