püridoksiinfosfaat

Pyridoxal phosphate, often abbreviated as PLP, is the active coenzyme form of vitamin B6. It plays a crucial role in a vast array of metabolic reactions within the human body, primarily acting as a cofactor for enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism. PLP is essential for processes such as transamination, decarboxylation, deamination, and racemization of amino acids. It is also involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, as well as in heme synthesis and glycogenolysis.

The synthesis of pyridoxal phosphate begins with the absorption of vitamin B6 from the diet, which can be in the form of pyridoxine, pyridoxal, or pyridoxamine. These forms are then converted in the liver to pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. PLP functions by forming Schiff bases with amino groups of amino acid substrates, stabilizing intermediates and facilitating enzymatic catalysis. Its versatility makes it one of the most important coenzymes in biological systems. Deficiency in vitamin B6 can lead to a deficiency in PLP, impacting numerous biochemical pathways and potentially causing neurological issues and other health problems.