põhiid

Põhiid is a term used in Estonian to describe the northern lights, also known as the aurora borealis. This celestial phenomenon is a natural light display that can be observed in high-latitude regions around the Arctic. It is caused by charged particles from the sun colliding with gases in the Earth's atmosphere.

The colors of the põhiid depend on the type of gas particles involved. Oxygen typically produces green and red lights, while nitrogen is responsible for blue and purple hues. The intensity and visibility of the põhiid can vary greatly, influenced by solar activity. During periods of increased solar flares or coronal mass ejections, the aurora can be more spectacular and visible over a wider area.

Estonia, being located in a northern latitude, occasionally experiences sightings of the põhiid, though it is less common than in areas closer to the magnetic poles. When visible, the põhiid are often described as dancing lights, shimmering curtains, or ethereal glows across the night sky. Historically, such displays have sometimes been associated with folklore and various interpretations within different cultures. Modern understanding attributes the põhiid to scientific principles of electromagnetism and atmospheric physics. Observing the põhiid requires clear, dark skies and is most likely during the winter months when nights are longest.