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Oscillations refer to repetitive variations, typically in time, of some measure of a physical system around a central value or equilibrium point. This repetitive motion is characterized by a back-and-forth or cyclical pattern. The simplest form of oscillation is the simple harmonic motion, exemplified by a mass on a spring or a pendulum with a small amplitude. In such systems, the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium.
Key characteristics of an oscillation include its amplitude, which is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium
Oscillations are a fundamental phenomenon in physics and are observed in a vast array of systems. Examples