onkotische

Onkotische refers to oncotic pressure, also known as colloid osmotic pressure. It is a type of osmotic pressure exerted by large molecules, particularly proteins like albumin, that are dissolved in a fluid, such as blood plasma or interstitial fluid. This pressure plays a crucial role in the movement of water between the blood and surrounding tissues.

In the bloodstream, the oncotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins tends to draw water into the capillaries. Conversely, the hydrostatic pressure, which is the pressure exerted by the fluid itself, tends to push water out of the capillaries. The balance between these two opposing forces, oncotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure, governs the net filtration and reabsorption of fluid across the capillary walls. This process is vital for maintaining fluid balance within the body and ensuring adequate nutrient and waste exchange.

When oncotic pressure is abnormally low, for instance, due to a deficiency in plasma proteins (hypoproteinemia), less water is drawn back into the capillaries. This can lead to an accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, a condition known as edema. Edema can manifest in various parts of the body, contributing to swelling and discomfort. Therefore, maintaining adequate levels of plasma proteins is essential for proper fluid regulation and overall health.