octylphenol

Octylphenol is an organic compound in the phenol family. It consists of a phenol ring with an octyl substituent (C8) and typically exists as a mixture of isomers (for example, 2-, 3-, and 4-octylphenol).

Industrially, octylphenol is produced as an intermediate in the manufacture of alkylphenol resins and certain surfactants. It is also a precursor to octylphenol ethoxylates, a class of nonionic surfactants used in detergents, cleaners, paints, and paper products. It can be released during production, formulation, and wastewater treatment, contributing to environmental loads of alkylphenols.

Octylphenol is a relatively hydrophobic liquid with low water solubility and a tendency to partition into organic phases; it is miscible with many organic solvents.

Ecotoxicology and health considerations indicate that octylphenol and related alkylphenols can exhibit estrogenic activity and may affect aquatic organisms. Exposure can irritate skin and eyes, and inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract; long-term effects depend on dose and exposure route.

Regulatory status varies by country and region. Because of environmental concerns, many jurisdictions regulate octylphenol and octylphenol ethoxylates, including restrictions on use in certain consumer products and requirements aimed at reducing release through wastewater treatment.

See also: nonylphenol and octylphenol ethoxylates.