obwodów

Obwód is a Polish noun with several related meanings. The form obwodów is the genitive plural of obwód and appears in phrases such as granice obwodów or liczba obwodów. The noun is masculine and inanimate; its nominative plural is obwody, while the genitive plural is obwodów. The word is used in various technical, mathematical and administrative contexts.

In geometry and mathematics, obwód refers to the boundary or perimeter of a two-dimensional figure. For example, obwód koła means the circumference of a circle, and obwód prostokąta is the perimeter of a rectangle, calculable as 2(a+b). In electronics, obwód denotes an electrical circuit; obwody elektryczne are circuits composed of interconnected components that allow current to flow.

In administrative and electoral language, obwód can denote a polling district or electoral district, as in obwód wyborczy. Voters are assigned to a specific obwód for voting, and the term also appears in phrases describing regional boundaries or divisions within a city or country. The use of obwód in these contexts is common in official language and media.

Grammatical note: obwód is masculine, with obwody as nominative plural and obwodów as genitive plural. The genitive plural obwodów is used after numerals and quantifiers requiring the genitive, for example “pięć obwodów” or “granice obwodów miasta.” The versatile meaning of obwód makes it a standard term across geometry, electronics and electoral geography.