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Shear rate, often denoted by the Greek letter gamma dot ($\dot{\gamma}$), is a fundamental concept in rheology and fluid mechanics. It quantifies the rate at which deformation occurs within a fluid. Imagine layers of fluid sliding past each other. Shear rate describes how quickly these layers are moving relative to one another. Mathematically, it is the spatial derivative of the velocity gradient perpendicular to the direction of flow.
In simpler terms, if you have a fluid flowing between two plates, and one plate is moving
Shear rate is crucial for understanding the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, whose viscosity is not constant